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When people hear the proper noun Grigori Rasputin, their minds almost immediately begin to wander. The stories told near this and then-chosen "Mad Monk" suggest he possessed some magical powers, or that he had a special connexion to God.
But they also propose he was a sex-crazed bedlamite who used his position of power to seduce women and engage in all sorts of sins that would exist considered terrible at present and unspeakable back then.
Other tales indicate he was a man who went from existence a poor, nameless peasant to one of the Tsar's nigh trusted advisors in a matter of merely a few short years, possibly more proof he possessed some special or even magical powers.
All the same, many of these stories are just that: stories. It's fun to believe they are true, only the reality is that many of them are not. Only non everything we know about Grigori Yefimovich Rasputin is made up.
For instance, he was known for having a strong sexual appetite, and he did manage to get exceptionally shut to the regal family unit for someone of such a apprehensive background. Yet his healing powers and political influence are gross exaggerations.
Instead, the self-proclaimed holy human being was just in the right place at the right fourth dimension in history.
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Why, so, are there and then many legends about this exceptionally unimportant Russian mystic? Well, he rose to prominence in the years leading up to the Russian Revolution.
Political tensions were high, and the country was very unstable. Different political leaders and members of the nobility were looking for ways to undermine the Tsar's power, and Rasputin, an unknown, rather strange religious human being who came out of nowhere to go close with the royal family unit proved to be the perfect scapegoat.
As a issue, all sorts of stories were thrown about meant to tarnish his name and destabilize the Russian authorities. Only this destabilization was already underway earlier Rasputin emerged onto the scene, and within a yr of Rasputin'due south death, Nicholas Ii and his family were murdered and Russia was changed forever.
Still, despite the falsity of many of the stories surrounding Rasputin, his story is still an interesting one, and it's a great reminder of how only how malleable history can be.
Rasputin Fact or Fiction
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Due to his closeness to the purple family unit, as well as the political state of affairs at the time, public knowledge of Rasputin is the result of rumors, speculation, and propaganda. And while it'southward true we still don't know a lot about Rasputin and his life, historical records take immune us to distinguish betwixt fact and fiction. Here are some of the more famous tales about Rasputin:
Rasputin Had Magical Powers
Verdict: Fiction
Rasputin made a few suggestions to the Tsar and Tsarina of Russian federation virtually how to care for their son Alexei'due south hemophilia, and this caused many to believe he possessed special healing powers.
However, information technology'due south far more likely he only got lucky. But the mysterious nature of his relationship with the royal family unit led to lots of speculation, which has warped our image of him to this 24-hour interval.
Rasputin Ran Russia From Behind the Scenes
Verdict: Fiction
Soon after arriving in St. Petersburg, Grigori Yefimovich Rasputin made some powerful friends and eventually became very shut to the royal family unit. Yet, equally far equally we can tell, he had little to no influence over the political decision-making process. His part in court was limited to religious exercise and besides to help with the children. Some rumors swirled almost how he was helping Alexandra, the Tsarina, interact with her home country, Germany, to undermine the Russian Empire, only there is also no truth to this merits any
Rasputin Could Not Be Killed
Verdict: Fiction
No one can escape death. Withal, an attempt was made on Rasputin'south life before he was finally killed, and the story about his actual death helped propagate the idea that he could not exist killed. Just it'south more probable these stories were told to help spread the idea that Rasputin was associated with the devil and had "unholy" powers.
Rasputin was a Crazy Monk
Verdict: Fiction
Commencement, Rasputin was never ordained equally a monk. And as for his sanity, we don't actually know, although his rivals and those seeking to either undermine or support Tsar Nicholas II certainly worked to position him as crazy. Some of the written records he has left backside suggest he had a scattered brain, but it'south too simply as probable that he was poorly educated and lacked the ability to conspicuously express his thoughts with written words.
Rasputin Was Sex-Crazed
Verdict: ?
Those who sought to damage Rasputin'south influence certainly wanted people to think this, so information technology's likely their stories are exaggerated at best and invented at worst. Even so, stories of Rasputin'south promiscuity started surfacing every bit soon as he left his hometown in 1892. Just this thought that he was sex-crazed was likely the event of his enemies trying to use Rasputin equally a symbol for everything that was incorrect in Russia at the fourth dimension.
The Story of Rasputin
As you tin encounter, nearly of the things we consider to be true well-nigh Rasputin are actually false or at the very to the lowest degree exaggerated. So, what do we know? Unfortunately, not much, but here'due south a detailed summary of the facts that do exist virtually the famously mysterious life of Rasputin.
Who Was Rasputin?
Rasputin was a Russian mystic who lived during the terminal years of the Russian Empire. He rose to prominence in Russian order starting around 1905 because the royal family at the time, led by Tsar Nicholas 2 and his married woman, Alexandra Feodorovna, believed he possessed the ability to heal their son, Alexei, who suffered from hemophilia. Eventually, he brutal out of favor amongst the Russian elite every bit the country experienced considerable political turmoil leading up to the Russian Revolution. This led to his assassination, the gory details of which accept helped make Rasputin ane of the virtually well-known figures in history.
Childhood
Grigori Yefimovich Rasputin was born in Pokrovskoye, Russian federation, a small town in the northern province of Siberia, in 1869. Similar many of the people in the surface area at the time, he was born to a family of Siberian peasants, but across that, Rasputin's early life remains more often than not a mystery.
Accounts exist that merits he was a troublesome boy, someone who was prone to fighting and had spent a few days in jail due to his violent behavior. But there is trivial validity to these accounts as they were written after the fact by people who likely did not know Rasputin every bit a child, or by people whose opinion had been swayed by their opinion of him as an adult.
Office of the reason we know so little near the early yr of Rasputin'southward life is that he and those around him were about likely illiterate. Few people living in rural Russia at the fourth dimension had access to formal education, which led to low literacy rates and poor historical accounts.
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Nevertheless, we practise know that at some point in his twenties, Rasputin had a wife and several children. But something happened that acquired him to suddenly demand to leave Pokrovskoye. It'south possible he was running from the police force. There are some accounts that he left to escape penalization for stealing a equus caballus, but this has never been verified. Others claim he had a vision from God, however this has besides not been proven.
As a effect, it's as possible he but had an identity crisis, or that he left for some reason that remains entirely unknown. But despite the fact we don't know why he left, we do know that he set out on a pilgrimage in 1897 (when he was 28), and this decision would dramatically alter the course of the remainder of his life.
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Early Days as a Monk
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It's believed that Rasputin first left home for religious and or spiritual purposes around 1892, but he returned frequently to his hometown to attend to his familial obligations. However, after his visit to the St. Nicholas Monastery in Verkhoturye in 1897, Rasputin became a changed man, according to accounts. He began to go on longer and longer pilgrimages, possibly reaching as far due south equally Greece. However, it'southward important to point out that the 'holy man' never took vows to become a monk, making his proper noun, "The Mad Monk," a misnomer.
During these years of pilgrimage towards the end of the 19th century, Rasputin began to develop a small following. He would travel to other towns to preach and teach, and when he returned to Pokrovskoye he allegedly had a small group of people with whom he would pray and perform ceremonies. However, elsewhere in the country, especially in the capital, St. Petersburg, Rasputin remained an unknown entity. But a series of fortunate events would change that and propel Rasputin to the forefront of Russian politics and religion.
The self proclaimed 'holy man' was a mystic and had a powerful personality, 1 that easily allowed him to touch on those around him, usually making them feel quite at ease and safety around him. Whether or non he was truly a human gifted with magical talents is a affair for the theologians and philosophers to argue near, but information technology can be said that he commanded a sure aureola of respect when he walked the world.
Russian federation at the Time of Rasputin
To understand the story of Rasputin and why he has become such an important effigy in Russian and world history, it'south best to understand the context in which he lived. Specifically, Rasputin arrived in Leningrad at a time of tremendous social upheaval in the Russian Empire. The Tsarist government, which ruled every bit an autocracy and upheld a system of bullwork that dated dorsum centuries, was beginning to crumble. The urban middle classes, which were developing as a result of the slow process of industrialization that had taken place throughout the 19th century, equally well as the rural poor, were commencement to organize and seek out alternative forms of government.
This, plus a combination of other factors, meant that the Russian economy was in steady decline by the beginning of the 20th century. Tsar Nicholas Two, who was in ability from 1894-1917, was insecure nearly his ability to rule what was obviously a crumbling country, and he had made many enemies amongst the dignity who saw the state of the empire as an opportunity to expand their power, influence, and status. All of this led to the formation of a constitutional monarchy in 1907, which meant that the Tsar, for the first time e'er, would demand to share his ability with a parliament, as well as a prime minister.
This development seriously weakened the power of Tsar Nicholas 2, although he retained his position as head of the Russian state. Yet this temporary truce did trivial to resolve the instability going on in Russia, and when World War I broke out in 1914 and the Russians entered the fight, revolution was imminent. Just one year later, in 1915, 9the war had taken its toll on the weak Russian economy. Food and other crucial resources became scarce, and the working classes grew weak. Tsar Nicholas II took control of the Russian army, but this probably made the state of affairs worse. And then, in 1917, a serial of revolutions, known as the Bolshevik Revolution, took place, which concluded the Tsarist autocracy and paved the manner for the formation of the United Soviet Socialist States (USSR). While all this was taking place, Rasputin managed to become close to the Tsar, and he somewhen became a scapegoat for his political rivals as they sought to weaken Nicholas II and improve their own position in society.
Rasputin and the Majestic Family unit
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Rasputin first arrived in the Russian capital, Saint petersburg, in 1904, after receiving an invitation to visit the St. petersburg Theological Seminary at the Alexander Nevsky Monastery thanks to a letter of the alphabet of recommendation written by well-respected members of the church elsewhere in Russia. Withal, when Rasputin arrived to Leningrad, he would have found a city in disrepair, which was a reflection of the state of the Russian Empire at the time. Interestingly, Rasputin'due south influence and reputation preceded him in Petrograd. He was known to be a heavy drinker and somewhat of a sexual deviant. In fact, before arriving at St. Petersberg, there were rumors that he had been sleeping with many of his female followers, although in that location is no definitive proof this was happening.
These rumors later led to accusations that Rasputin was a member of the Kyhlyst religious sect, which believed in using sin as the master means of reaching God. Historians still debate whether this is true or non, although there is considerable evidence that Rasputin enjoyed engaging in activities that 1 could classify as depraved. It'south quite possible Rasputin spent time with the Kyhlyst sect then as to try out their method of religious do, just in that location is no evidnece he was an bodily member. Yet, it'due south also just every bit probable that political enemies of the Tsar, and Rasputin, exaggerated behavior typical of the time so as to damage Rasputin'southward reputation and diminish his influence.
Afterward his initial visit to St. Petersberg, Rasputin returned habitation to Pokrovskoye just began to make more than frequent trips to the capital. During this fourth dimension, he began making more strategic friendships and built a network within the elite. Thanks to these connections, Rasputin met the Nicholas Two and his wife, Alexandra Feodorovna, for the first time in 1905. He managed to run across the Tsar several more times, and at one point, Rasputin met the Tsar and Tsarina's children, and from that point on, Rasputin became much closer to the imperial family largely considering the family was convinced Rasputin possessed the magical powers needed to cure their son Alexei's hemophilia.
Rasputin and the Imperial Children
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Alexei, the heir to the Russian throne and a immature boy, was rather sick due to the fact that he had incurred an unfortunate injury to his foot. Furthermore, Alexei suffered from hemophilia, a disease characterized by anemia and excessive bleeding. After several interactions between Rasputin and Alexei, the imperial family, particularly the Tsarina, Alexandra Feodorovna, became convinced that Rasputin alone possessed the powers needed to keep Alexei alive.
He had been asked on several occasions to pray for Alexei, and this coincided with an comeback in the boy's condition. Many believe this is why the royal family became and so convinced Rasputin had the power to heal their sick child. Whether or not they thought he had magical powers is unclear, but this belief that Rasputin had some special quality that made him uniquely capable of healing Alexei helped boost his reputation and fabricated him both friends and enemies in the Russian court.
Rasputin as a Healer
One of the theories as to what Rasputin did was that he merely had a calming presence around the boy that caused him to relax and finish thrashing about, something that would take helped stop the haemorrhage brought on past his hemophilia.
Another theory is that when Rasputin was consulted during a specially serious moment when Alexei had suffered a hemorrhage, he told the purple family to go on all doctors abroad from him. Somewhat miraculously, this worked, and the royal family attributed this to Rasputin's special powers. However, mod historians at present believe this worked because the most common medicine used at the time was aspirin, and using aspirin to finish bleeding doesn't piece of work because information technology thins the blood. Therefore, past telling Alexandra and Nicholas Two to avoid doctors, Rasputin helped Alexei avoid taking medicine that probably would have killed him. Another theory is that Rasputin was a trained hypnotist who knew how to at-home the boy enough so that he would stop haemorrhage.
Again, though, the truth remains a mystery. But what we do know is that later on this point, the imperial family unit welcomed Rasputin into their inner circle. Alexandra seemed to trust Rasputin unconditionally, and this allowed him to get a trusted advisor of the family. He was even appointed as the lampadnik (lamplighter), which allowed Rasputin to light the candles in the majestic cathedral, a position that would take given him daily access to Tsar Nicholas and his family unit.
The Mad Monk?
Equally Rasputin got closer and closer to the center of Russian power, the public grew more and more than suspicious. The nobles and elite inside the courts began to view Rasputin with green-eyed due to the fact that he had such piece of cake access to the Tsar, and, seeking to undermine the Tsar, they tried to position Rasputin equally a mad man who was controlling the Russian government from behind the scenes.
To do this, they began to exaggerate some aspects of Rasputin'due south reputation which he had carried with him since he first left Pokrovskoye, mainly that he was a drinker and a sexual deviant. Their propaganda campaigns even went so far as to convince people that the name "Rasputin" meant "debauched one," despite the fact that it actually meant "where two rivers bring together," a reference to his hometown. Furthermore, it was around this time that accusations of his associations with the Khylists began to intensify.
It should exist noted, though, that some of these accusations were grounded in truth. Rasputin was known for taking many sexual partners, and he was also known for parading around the Russian capital showing off the silks and other textiles that had been embroidered for him past the regal family unit.
Criticisms of Rasputin intensified after 1905/1906 when the enactment of the Constitution granted the printing considerable more freedom. They targeted Rasputin more than possibly because they withal feared to attack the Tsar directly, choosing instead to attack 1 of his advisors.
However, the attacks did not simply come up from the enemies of the Tsar. Those who wanted to maintain the ability structures at the time also turned against Rasputin, largely considering they felt the Tsar's loyalty to him hurt his relationship with the public; almost people bought into the stories about Rasputin, and it would take looked bad if the Tsar was keeping a relationship with such a human, even if almost every aspect of the stories were exaggerations. Equally a issue, they wanted to take out Rasputin so that the public would end worrying about this supposed crazy monk who was secretly controlling the Russian Empire.
Rasputin and Alexandra
Rasputin'south relationship with Alexandra Feodorovna is another source of mystery. The bear witness we have seems to advise that she trusted Rasputin greatly and cared for him. In that location were rumors that they were lovers, just this has never been proven to exist truthful. However, equally public stance turned against Rasputin and members of the Russian courtroom began to run into him as a problem, Alexandra made sure he was permitted to stay. This caused more than tension as many people'due south imaginations continued to run wild with the idea of Rasputin was the real controller of the regal family. The Tsar and Tsarina fabricated things worse past keeping their son's health a secret from the public. This meant no one knew the real reason why Rasputin had become so shut to the Tsar and his family, creating more specualtion and rumors.
This close connexion shared between Rasputin and Empress Alexandra further degraded Rasputin'south reputation, also equally that of the majestic family unit. For example, by the outbreak of Globe War I, most people in the Russian empire assumed Rasputin and Alexandra were sleeping together. Soldiers spoke about information technology at the front every bit if it were mutual knowledge. These stories got even more than grandiose when people began speaking well-nigh how Rasputin was actually working for the Germans (Alexandra was originally from a High german regal family) to undermine Russian power and crusade Russia to lose the war.
An Endeavour On Rasputin'southward Life
The more than time Rasputin spent around the majestic family, the more it seemed people tried to tarnish his name and reputation. As mentioned, he was labeled as a drunk and a sexual deviant, and this eventually led to people calling him a wicked homo, a crazy monk, and a devil worshipper, although we at present know these to exist non much more than attempts to brand Rasputin a political scapegoat. However, opposition to Rasputin grew enough that an attempt was made to take his life.
In 1914, as Rasputin was in transit to the post office, he was accosted by a woman disguised every bit a beggar and stabbed. But he managed to escape. The wound was astringent and he spent several weeks in recovery after surgery, simply he somewhen returned to full health, something that would exist used to continue to shape public opinion near him even after his death.
The woman who stabbed Rasputin was said to be a follower of a man named Iliodor, who had been the leader of a powerful religious sect in Saint petersburg. Iliodor had denounced Rasputin every bit an antichrist, and he had previously made attempts to try and separate Rasputin from the Tsar. He was never formally accused of the criminal offense, but he did flee St. Petersburg soon after the stabbing and before the constabulary had the chance to question him. The woman who really stabbed Rasputin was deemed insane and was not held responsible for her actions.
Rasputin's Real Office in the Government
Despite the fact that and so much was made of Rasputin's behavior and his relationship to the purple family, very little if whatsoever evidence exists that proves Rasputin had any real influence over the affairs of Russian politics. Historians agree he did the imperial family a bang-up service by praying with them and profitable with the ill children and giving advice, but almost likewise hold that he had no real say in what the Tsar did or did not practice with his power. Instead, he proved to be a proverbial thorn in the side of the Tsar and Tsarina as they tried to deal with an increasingly unstable political state of affairs that was rapidly descending into upheaval and overthrow. Perhaps, for this reason, Rasputin'southward life was still in danger immediately following the first attempt made against his life.
Rasputin's Decease
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The actual murder of Grigori Yefimovich Rasputin is a widely disputed and heavily fictionalized story involving all sorts of crazy antics and stories about the human's power to evade death. As a consequence, it has been very difficult for historians to find the actual facts surrounding Rasputin's death. Furthermore, he was killed behind airtight doors, which has made it fifty-fifty more difficult to make up one's mind exactly what happened. Some accounts are embellishments, exaggerations, or but complete fabrications, but we tin never really know for sure. However, the most common version of Rasputin's death goes similar this:
Rasputin was invited to dine and enjoy some vino at the Moika Palace by a group of nobles led by Prince Felix Yusupov. Other members of the plot included Thou Knuckles Dmitri Pavlovich Romanov, Dr. Stanislaus de Lazovert and Lieutenant Sergei Mikhailovich Sukhotin, an officer in the Preobrazhensky Regiment. During the party, Rasputin allegedly consumed a copious amount of wine and food, both of which had been heavily poisoned. However, Rasputin continued to eat and potable as if nothing had happened. After information technology became clear that the poison was not going to kill Rasputin, Prince Felix Yusupov borrowed the revolver of the Thousand Duke Dmitri Pavlovich, the arbiter'south cousin, and shot Rasputin multiple times.
At this indicate, Rasputin is said to take fallen to the ground, and the people in the room idea he was expressionless. But he miraculously stood up again later just a few minutes of being on the floor and immediately fabricated for the door so as to try and escape the men who wanted to impale him. The rest of the people in the room reacted, finally, and several others drew their weapons. Rasputin was shot over again and he fell, but when his attackers approached him, they saw he was still moving, which forced them to shoot him once again. Finally convinced he was expressionless, they bundled up his corpse into the yard duke's automobile and collection to the Neva river and dumped Rasputin'southward corpse in the cold waters of the river. His body was recovered iii days later.
This whole operation was hurriedly conducted in the wee hours of the morning as the Thousand Knuckles Dmitri Pavlovich feared repercussions if he was found out by the authorities. According Vladimir Purishkevich, a political leader at the time, "Information technology was very belatedly and the 1000 Duke drove quite deadening as he evidently feared that great speed would attract the suspicion of the police force."
Until he murdered Rasputin, Prince Felix Yusupov lived a comparatively bumming life of privilege. One of Nicholas II's daughters, likewise named Chiliad Duchess Olga, worked every bit a nurse during the war and criticized Felix Yusupov's refusal to enlist, writing to her male parent, "Felix is a 'downright civilian,' dressed all in brown…virtually doing aught; an utterly unpleasant impression he makes – a man idling in such times." Plotting Rasputin's murder gave Felix Yusupov the opportunity to reinvent himself as a patriot and man of action, determined to protect the throne from a malign influence.
For Prince Felix Yusupov and his co-conspirators, the removal of Rasputin could requite Nicholas Two one final chance of restoring the reputation and prestige of the monarchy. With Rasputin gone, the czar would be more open up to the advice of his extended family, the nobility and the Duma.
None of the men who were involved in this incident faced criminal charges, either considering at this bespeak Rasputin had been deemed an enemy of the land, or because it simply didn't happen. It's possible this story was created as propaganda to farther tarnish the name "Rasputin," for such an unnatural resistance to expiry would have been perceived as the work of the devil. Merely when Rasputin's body was institute, it was evident that he had been shot three times. Beyond this, though, nosotros know almost cipher for certain about Rasputin's death.
Rasputin's Penis
The rumors that were started and spread about Rasputin'due south love life and human relationship to women have led to many more tall tales about his genitals. One of the stories surrounding his decease is that he was castrated and dismembered after beingness murdered, nigh probable as a penalty for his immoderacy and excessive sin. This myth has led many people to claim they now "posses" Rasputin's penis, and they have even gone so far every bit to claim that looking at it will help cure impotency problems. This is not only cool but incorrect. When Rasputin'due south trunk was found, his genitals were intact, and as far equally we know, they remained that way. Any claim to the contrary is well-nigh likely an try to use the mystery surrounding Rasputin's life and expiry as a way to make money.
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Conclusion
While Grigori Yefimovich Rasputin'southward life was a foreign and filled with many odd stories, controversies, and lies, information technology is equally as important to note that his influence was never really as great equally the world around him made information technology out to be. Yeah, he had sway with the Tsar and his family, and yes, there was something to exist said about the mode his personality could put people at ease, but the reality is that the human was zero more than a symbol to the Russian people. A few months later, matching a prediction that he had fabricated, the Russian Revolution occurred and the entire Romanov family unit was brutally massacred in an uprising. The tides of political alter can be very powerful, and few people in this world can truly stop them.
Rasputin's girl Maria, who fled Russian federation later the Revolution and became a circus lion tamer billed every bit "the daughter of the famous mad monk whose feats in Russia astonished the world," wrote her ain book in 1929 that condemned Yussupov's actions and questioned the veracity of his account. She wrote that her father did not like sweets and never would have eaten a platter of cakes. The autopsy reports practise not mention poisonous substance or drowning but instead conclude that he was shot in the head at shut range. Yussupov transformed the murder into an epic struggle of skilful versus evil to sell books and bolster his own reputation.
Yussupov'due south account of Rasputin's murder entered pop culture. The pulp scene was dramatized in numerous films about Rasputin and the Romanovs and even made information technology into a 1970s disco hit by Boney Yard., which included the lyrics "They put some poison into his vino…He drank it all and said, 'I experience fine.'"
Rasputin will forever live on in history as a controversial figure, to some a holy man, to some a political entity, and to others a adventurer. Just who really was Rasputin? That is probably the biggest mystery of them all, and it's one nosotros may never be able to solve.
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Sources
Five Myths and Truths About Rasputin: https://time.com/4606775/5-myths-rasputin/
The Murder of Rasputin: http://history1900s.about.com/od/famouscrimesscandals/a/rasputin.htm
Famous Russians: http://russiapedia.rt.com/prominent-russians/history-and-mythology/grigory-rasputin/
First World War Biography: http://www.firstworldwar.com/bio/rasputin.htm
Rasputin's Murder: https://www.theguardian.com/world/from-the-archive-blog/2016/dec/xxx/rasputin-murder-russia-december-1916
Rasputin: https://www.biography.com/political-effigy/rasputin
Fuhrmann, Joseph T. Rasputin: the untold story. John Wiley & Sons, 2013.
Smith, Douglas. Rasputin: Faith, power, and the twilight of the Romanovs. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2016.
albrittonshase1964.blogspot.com
Source: https://historycooperative.org/mad-monk-grigori-rasputin-story/
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